Yes — if one spouse qualifies for REPS, the couple can use the REPS designation on their joint return. The qualifying spouse’s rental losses become non-passive for the couple’s joint return, allowing them to offset the other spouse’s W-2 income. However, both the 750-hour test and the majority-time test must be met by the qualifying spouse individually — you cannot combine both spouses’ hours. This is a powerful strategy for couples where one spouse is a full-time real estate investor and the other has significant W-2 income. KDA’s Brea team structures REPS strategies for couples regularly.

Inflation creates a ‘depreciation timing’ opportunity for Brea real estate investors. By front-loading depreciation through cost segregation and 100% bonus depreciation (now permanent under OBBBA), you take deductions when they’re worth the most — today’s dollars. This is especially valuable in high-inflation environments. The flip side: depreciation recapture at sale is based on nominal dollars, so the recapture tax may be less burdensome in real terms. KDA’s Brea real estate CPA team will model the inflation impact on your depreciation strategy and optimize the timing of deductions.

House hacking — living in one unit of a multi-unit property and renting the others — is a popular strategy for Brea real estate investors. The tax treatment: you allocate income and expenses between personal use (your unit) and rental use (tenant units) based on square footage or unit count. The rental portion generates full deductions including depreciation. When you sell, the rental portion is subject to capital gains and depreciation recapture; the personal portion may qualify for the Section 121 exclusion. KDA’s team will optimize your house hacking tax strategy.

Both Section 179 and bonus depreciation allow immediate expensing of qualifying assets, but they work differently for real estate. Section 179 has an annual deduction limit ($1.16M in 2026) and cannot create a net operating loss — it’s limited to your business income. Bonus depreciation has no dollar limit and CAN create a net operating loss that carries forward. For real estate investors in Brea, bonus depreciation is generally more powerful because it can generate losses that offset other income (especially if you qualify for REPS or the STR loophole).

The best time to hire a real estate CPA is before you buy your first investment property — not after. Pre-purchase planning determines your entity structure, how you take title, and whether a cost segregation study makes sense. The second-best time is right now, regardless of where you are in your investing journey. KDA’s Brea team has helped investors at every stage — from first-time landlords to multi-property portfolio owners — unlock significant tax savings.

A ground lease is a long-term lease (typically 50–100 years) of land, where the tenant constructs and owns the improvements. For the landowner, ground lease income is taxed as ordinary rental income. The landowner does not depreciate the land (land is never depreciable) but can deduct expenses related to the lease. For the tenant (the developer), the improvements are depreciated over their useful life, and ground lease payments are deductible as rent. Ground leases are common in Brea commercial real estate markets and can be an excellent passive income strategy for landowners. KDA’s team advises both ground lessors and lessees on tax optimization.

California’s top income tax rate of 13.3% is the highest state income tax rate in the nation, making tax planning especially critical for Brea real estate investors. Combined with the 37% federal rate, high-income CA investors face a combined marginal rate of 50.3% on ordinary income. This makes strategies like cost segregation (converting ordinary income to deferred capital gains), 1031 exchanges (deferring all gain), and REPS/STR loophole (converting passive losses to active deductions) even more valuable in California than in lower-tax states.

California conforms to IRC Section 1031 for exchanges of California real estate into California replacement property. The complication arises when you exchange out of California into another state — California’s ‘clawback’ law (effective 2014) requires you to file FTB Form 3840 annually and pay California tax when the out-of-state replacement property is eventually sold. This makes exchanging out of California a complex decision that requires careful planning. KDA’s Brea team will model the California clawback impact before you proceed with any out-of-state exchange.

Real estate investors in Brea often overlook retirement account optimization as part of their overall tax strategy. If you have a property management company or other active real estate income, a Solo 401(k) allows contributions up to $69,000 per year (2026) — creating a massive additional deduction. If you qualify for REPS, your rental income may support even larger contributions. KDA’s real estate CPA team will integrate retirement account planning into your comprehensive tax strategy.

DSTs are the ‘retirement vehicle’ of 1031 exchanges. You sell your active rental property, exchange into a DST, and receive passive income from institutional real estate without any landlord responsibilities. The DST qualifies as like-kind property under IRS Revenue Ruling 2004-86, so all capital gains and depreciation recapture are fully deferred. For Brea investors approaching retirement or simply wanting to exit active management, a DST exchange is one of the most powerful options available. KDA coordinates DST exchanges and can connect you with qualified DST sponsors.