A cash-out refinance on a rental property does NOT create taxable income — loan proceeds are not income. This is the basis of the ‘buy, borrow, die’ strategy: you access the equity in your Pasadena rental properties through refinancing, spend the cash tax-free, and never trigger capital gains or depreciation recapture. The trade-off is that mortgage interest on the cash-out portion may be limited depending on how you use the proceeds. If used for investment purposes (buying more rentals), the interest is fully deductible. KDA’s team will structure your refinancing strategy to maximize deductibility.

If you own one rental property and your tax situation is straightforward, a general CPA can handle the basics. But the moment you have multiple properties, a short-term rental, a fix-and-flip, or a portfolio worth $500K+, you need a specialist. The tax strategies available to real estate investors — cost segregation, bonus depreciation, REPS election, STR loophole, 1031 exchanges — require deep expertise to execute correctly and defend in an audit. KDA’s Pasadena team focuses exclusively on these strategies.

In 2026, bonus depreciation is back to 100% permanently thanks to the One Big Beautiful Bill Act. For real estate investors in Pasadena, this means that any 5-, 7-, or 15-year property identified through a cost segregation study can be fully deducted in the year of acquisition. Previously, bonus depreciation had phased down to 60% in 2024 — the restoration to 100% is the single biggest tax change for real estate investors since 2017.

Yes — STRs are eligible for 1031 exchanges when held for investment purposes and meeting the IRS safe harbor criteria. The key risks are excessive personal use (vacation home rules) and holding periods that are too short. KDA’s Pasadena real estate CPA team reviews your STR records before any sale to confirm 1031 eligibility and advise on any corrective steps needed. We’ve successfully structured 1031 exchanges for Airbnb and VRBO properties throughout Pasadena and the surrounding area.

Foreign investors in Pasadena real estate face a distinct set of tax rules. Key issues: (1) FIRPTA withholding — when a foreign person sells U.S. real estate, the buyer must withhold 15% of the gross sale price (not just the gain) and remit it to the IRS; (2) rental income is subject to 30% withholding tax on gross income (unless reduced by treaty or an election to treat rental income as effectively connected income, allowing deductions); (3) estate tax — foreign persons are subject to U.S. estate tax on U.S. real estate with only a $60,000 exemption (vs. $13.6M+ for U.S. citizens). KDA’s Pasadena team advises foreign investors on structuring U.S. real estate investments to minimize these burdens.

Real Estate Professional Status is the most powerful tax designation available to real estate investors, but it’s also the most scrutinized by the IRS. The 750-hour requirement and majority-time test must be met and documented meticulously — contemporaneous time logs are essential. For Pasadena investors who qualify, REPS converts all rental losses from passive to non-passive, allowing them to offset unlimited amounts of W-2 or business income. KDA’s team will evaluate your eligibility, help you build a compliant time-tracking system, and defend your REPS election if audited.

California’s FTB is one of the most aggressive state tax authorities in the country. Common audit triggers for Pasadena real estate investors include: REPS elections (FTB scrutinizes the 750-hour requirement), large STR loophole claims, out-of-state 1031 exchanges subject to clawback, and residency changes combined with property sales. KDA’s team maintains meticulous documentation for every tax position — time logs for REPS/STR claims, cost segregation reports, exchange documentation — so that every position can be defended if the FTB comes calling.

A DST solves the biggest challenge of a 1031 exchange: finding a suitable replacement property within 45 days. By investing in a DST, you immediately satisfy the identification requirement while deferring all taxes. DSTs offer access to institutional properties — class A apartments, Amazon distribution centers, net-lease pharmacies — that individual investors couldn’t access directly. The trade-off is passive ownership with no control. For Pasadena investors looking to exit active management while deferring taxes, a DST is often the optimal 1031 exchange strategy. KDA’s team will guide you through the DST selection process.

Commercial real estate (office, retail, industrial, multifamily 5+) offers several tax advantages over residential rentals. Key differences: (1) Commercial property depreciates over 39 years (vs. 27.5 for residential), but cost segregation studies typically reclassify 20–40% of commercial property value to 5, 7, or 15-year property — generating massive first-year deductions with bonus depreciation; (2) Commercial leases often require tenants to pay operating expenses (triple-net leases), simplifying your tax reporting; (3) Commercial properties often have higher income, making the QBI deduction more valuable. KDA’s Pasadena team advises on both residential and commercial real estate tax strategy.

An installment sale is a powerful tax deferral tool when a 1031 exchange isn’t feasible. By carrying seller financing, you recognize gain proportionally as you receive payments — potentially over 5, 10, or even 20 years. This can dramatically reduce your effective tax rate on the sale. The risk is counterparty default — if the buyer stops paying, you’ve deferred the tax but lost the asset. KDA’s Pasadena team structures installment sales with appropriate security interests and models the tax impact under various payment scenarios.